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Computer part including the digital circuitry, as distinguished from the computer software that executes within the hardware. The hardware of a computer is infrequently changed, in comparison with software and hardware data, which are "soft" in the sense that they are readily created, modified or erased on the computer. Firmware is a special type of software that rarely, if ever, needs to be changed and so is stored on hardware devices such as read-only memory (ROM) where it is not readily changed (and is, therefore, "firm" rather than just "soft"). Most computer hardware is not seen by normal users. It is in embedded systems in automobiles, microwave ovens, electrocardiograph machines, compact disc players, and other devices. Personal computers, the computer hardware familiar to most people, form only a small minority of computers (about 0.2% of all new computers produced in 2003). See Market statistics. |
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Input is the term denoting either an entrance or changes which are inserted into a system and which activate/modify a process. It is an abstract concept, used in the modeling, system(s) design and system(s) exploitation. It is usually connected with other terms, e.g., input field, input variable, input parameter, input value, input signal, input device and input file. - Text input devices
- Keyboard - a device, to input text and characters by depressing buttons (referred to as keys), similar to a typewriter. The most common English-language key layout is the QWERTY layout.
- Pointing devices
- Mouse - a pointing device that detects two dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface.
- Trackball - a pointing device consisting of an exposed portruding ball housed in a socket that detects rotation about two axes.
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Output is the term denoting either an exit or changes which exits a system and which activate/modify a process. It is an abstract concept, used in the modeling, system(s) design and system(s) exploitation. - Image, Video output devices
- Printer - a peripheral device that produces a hard (usually paper) copy of a document.
- Monitor - device that displays a video signal, similar to a television, to provide the user with information and an interface with which to interact.
- Audio output devices
- Speakers - a device that converts analog audio signals into the equivalent air vibrations in order to make audible sound.
- Headset - a device similar in functionality to computer speakers used mainly to not disturb others nearby.
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